Introduction to management accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Introduction to management accounting - Essay Example The company is also intending to manufacture natural toothpaste, which is expected to attract a large number of consumers considering that there is an increasing attention in regards to health issue. In this respect, the company expects its sales to grow consistently. 2.0 Target selling price and cost card The selling price of the company’s products is targeted to be low-priced relative to other similar products on the market. However, the company would take into consideration the costs associated with labor, raw materials, direct expenses and other variable costs, as well as fixed costs in calculating reasonable prices for both toothbrush and toothpaste. The use would use the marginal costing with an intention of calculating easily the break-even point (Siegel, & Shim, 2010). The company’s direct material cost for every product is expected to be ?0.15 and ?0.1 for toothbrush and toothpaste respectively. The direct labor cost is anticipated to be ?0.05 and ?0.1 for toot hbrush and toothpaste respectively. Direct expenses are expected to stand at ?0.05 for every product. Other variable costs would also stand at ?0.05 for toothbrush and toothpaste. ... This would ensure that toothbrush and toothpaste are priced at ?0.5 and ?0.6 correspondingly. In relation to the market prices, the company’s prices would be slightly higher relative to Fluoridine Active Fresh of ?0.45 and Tubes High Quality of ?0.3. Conversely, it would be relatively lower with respect to Aquafresh of ?6 and Natural Paste of ?7. Additionally, the company’s toothbrush prices would comparatively lower to that of other firms on the market. 3.0 Breakeven point In order to calculate the breakeven point, there was a need to calculate the contribution margin per product using the marginal costing principle. In this regard, the company calculated the total variable costs, which was estimated at ?0.3 for each of the product (toothbrush and toothpaste). Moreover, the company subtracted the total variable costs for every product from the selling price to arrive at the marginal contribution for both toothbrush and toothpaste. Given that the selling price of toothp aste is ?0.5; its contribution margin per product is bound to be ?0.2. Similarly, considering that the selling price of toothpaste is ?0.6, then, the contribution margin per product would be ?0.3. For an individual to arrive at the breakeven point, one should calculate the number of products that may result in the profits of a firm being zero (Kieso, Weygandt, & Warfield, 2012). In this regard, it is estimated that 2,000 pieces of toothbrushes should be sold to meet the total fixed costs of ?400. On the other hand, it is expected that 1,500units of toothpastes should be sold to pay the total fixed costs of ?450. The company’s average contribution margin is estimated at ?0.25, while the total fixed costs are ?850. As a result, the company would breakeven by selling a total

Intermodal Transportation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Intermodal Transportation - Research Paper Example However, recent findings and literature regarding intermodal transportation ports review a contradictory outcome of these measures. The following paper investigates and discusses the effects of actions taken to up security at ports. Actions taken to improve the security at ports has negatively affected throughput, increasing costs and reducing the quality of operations. In 2005, a research by Ronald W. Tarr, Vicki McGurk, and Carol Jones made the realization that there are dangers facing intermodal transport ports after 9/11 are volatile (Tarr, et al., 2005). This unpredictability arises from the likelihood that terrorists may use intermodal transport to deliver weapons and explosive material. Oversized significance of stepping up security measures in these ports. The article explores the effects of training through collaboration and decision-making and its support of the response of transit organizations in the course of the 9/11 attacks (Tarr, et al., 2005). These effects revealed the substandard quality of intermodal transportation during the attacks and the ways the harmed output during the implementation of the already established security measures. A recent research by Nil Kula Degirmenci and Gul Denktas Sakar recognized number of security-linked challenges the intermodal transportation sector has been dealing with for the past several years (Degirmenci and Sakar, 2012). Among these challenges are piracy and terrorism. The researchers noted that security measures alone could not address the many low-quality operations, equipment, and industry players. Degirmenci and Sakar proceed to propose a system for gaining a general insight of the current security concept in intermodal transportation ports. This system takes into account the legal, innovative, and economic aspects. Consequently, system identifies key elements of security in intermodal transport by concentrating on requirement